Risk | High |
Patch available | YES |
Number of vulnerabilities | 40 |
CVE-ID | CVE-2020-36185 CVE-2020-35491 CVE-2020-35728 CVE-2020-36179 CVE-2020-36180 CVE-2020-36181 CVE-2020-36182 CVE-2020-36183 CVE-2020-36184 CVE-2020-36186 CVE-2020-24750 CVE-2020-36187 CVE-2020-36189 CVE-2020-8840 CVE-2020-9547 CVE-2020-9548 CVE-2021-20190 CVE-2022-3510 CVE-2022-42004 CVE-2020-35490 CVE-2020-24616 CVE-2019-12086 CVE-2017-7525 CVE-2017-17485 CVE-2018-10936 CVE-2018-11307 CVE-2018-14718 CVE-2018-14719 CVE-2018-7489 CVE-2019-14379 CVE-2020-10673 CVE-2019-14540 CVE-2019-14892 CVE-2019-16335 CVE-2019-16942 CVE-2019-16943 CVE-2019-17267 CVE-2019-17531 CVE-2019-20330 CVE-2020-10650 |
CWE-ID | CWE-502 CWE-94 CWE-20 CWE-400 CWE-200 CWE-300 CWE-264 CWE-284 |
Exploitation vector | Network |
Public exploit |
Public exploit code for vulnerability #3 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #5 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #9 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #11 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #14 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #15 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #16 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #21 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #22 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #23 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #24 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #31 is available. Public exploit code for vulnerability #32 is available. |
Vulnerable software |
watsonx.data Web applications / JS libraries |
Vendor | IBM Corporation |
Security Bulletin
This security bulletin contains information about 40 vulnerabilities.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49374
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36185
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.datasources.SharedPoolDataSource. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49380
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-35491
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.commons.dbcp2.datasources.SharedPoolDataSource. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49378
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-35728
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to com.oracle.wls.shaded.org.apache.xalan.lib.sql.JNDIConnectionPool (aka embedded Xalan in org.glassfish.web/javax.servlet.jsp.jstl). A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49368
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36179
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to oadd.org.apache.commons.dbcp.cpdsadapter.DriverAdapterCPDS. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49369
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36180
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.commons.dbcp2.cpdsadapter.DriverAdapterCPDS. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49372
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36181
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.cpdsadapter.DriverAdapterCPDS. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49370
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36182
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.cpdsadapter.DriverAdapterCPDS. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49371
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36183
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.docx4j.org.apache.xalan.lib.sql.JNDIConnectionPool. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49373
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36184
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.datasources.PerUserPoolDataSource. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49375
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36186
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.datasources.PerUserPoolDataSource. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU47105
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 7.3 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-24750
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote non-authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code.
FasterXML jackson-databind 2.x before 2.9.10.6 mishandles the interaction between serialization gadgets and typing, related to com.pastdev.httpcomponents.configuration.JndiConfiguration. A remote attacker can execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Install update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49376
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36187
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.datasources.SharedPoolDataSource. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49377
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36189
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to com.newrelic.agent.deps.ch.qos.logback.core.db.DriverManagerConnectionSource. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU25469
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 2.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-8840
CWE-ID:
CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to absence of xbean-reflect/JNDI gadget blocking. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted input to the application and execute arbitrary Java code on the system, as demonstrated by org.apache.xbean.propertyeditor.JndiConverter.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU25831
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-9547
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data between serialization gadgets and typing. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
Note: This vulnerability is related to:
Install update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU25832
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-9548
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data between serialization gadgets and typing. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
Note: This vulnerability is related to:
Install update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49967
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2021-20190
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU71253
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 6.6 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2022-3510
CWE-ID:
CWE-20 - Improper input validation
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote non-authenticated attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.
The vulnerability exists due to improper input validation within the Policy (Google Protobuf-Java) component in Oracle Communications Cloud Native Core Policy. A remote non-authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU68832
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 6.6 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2022-42004
CWE-ID:
CWE-400 - Resource exhaustion
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.
The vulnerability exists due to application does not properly control usage of deeply nested arrays in BeanDeserializer._deserializeFromArray. A remote attacker can trigger resource exhaustion and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU49379
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-35490
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data related to org.apache.commons.dbcp2.datasources.PerUserPoolDataSource. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU46305
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.2 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-24616
CWE-ID:
CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote non-authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code.
FasterXML jackson-databind 2.x before 2.9.10.6 mishandles the interaction between serialization gadgets and typing, related to br.com.anteros.dbcp.AnterosDBCPDataSource (aka Anteros-DBCP).
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU19941
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 7.7 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-12086
CWE-ID:
CWE-200 - Information exposure
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information.
The vulnerability exists due to a polymorphic typing issue when Default Typing is enabled for an externally exposed JSON endpoint and the service has the mysql-connector-java jar in the classpath. A remote attacker can send a specially crafted JSON message and read arbitrary local files on the server due to the missing "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.admin.MiniAdmin" validation.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU9128
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2017-7525
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The weakness exists due to a deserialization flaw in the jackson-databind component. A remote attacker can send a specially crafted input to the readValue method of the ObjectMapper and execute arbitrary code with privileges of the target service.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability may result in system compromise.
Install update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU10257
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2017-17485
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The weakness exists in the FasterXML jackson-databind library due to improper validation of user-input handled by the readValue method of the ObjectMapper object. A remote attacker can send malicious input to the vulnerable method of a web application that uses the Spring library in the application's classpath and execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability may result in system compromise.
Install update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU14591
Risk: Low
CVSSv4.0: 1.7 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Clear]
CVE-ID: CVE-2018-10936
CWE-ID:
CWE-300 - Channel Accessible by Non-Endpoint ('Man-in-the-Middle')
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks on the target system.
The vulnerability exists in the PostgreSQL Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) driver due to insufficient validation of hostnames by the affected software. A remote unauthenticated attacker can masquerade as a trusted server on the network, conduct a man-in-the-middle attack and conduct further attacks.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU19938
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2018-11307
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to the usage of default typing along with a gadget class from iBatis, which allows exfiltration of content. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU17053
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 7.2 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2018-14718
CWE-ID:
CWE-264 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The weakness exists due to the failure to block the slf4j-ext class from polymorphic deserialization. A remote attacker can execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.
Install update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU17778
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2018-14719
CWE-ID:
CWE-20 - Improper input validation
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe disclosed vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.
The vulnerability exists due to fail to block blaze-ds-opt and blaze-ds-core classes from polymorphic deserialization. A remote attacker can send a specially crafted request that submits malicious input to execute arbitrary code.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability may result in system compromise.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU11268
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 7.2 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2018-7489
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to bypass security restrictions and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The weakness exists in the readValue method due to improper validation of user-input. A remote attacker can send malicious JSON input, bypass security restrictions and execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability may result in system compromise.
Install update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU19933
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 6.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-14379
CWE-ID:
CWE-264 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on a targeted system.
The vulnerability exists due to the "SubTypeValidator.java" file mishandles default typing when Ehcache is used. A remote attacker can send a request that submits malicious input to the targeted system and execute arbitrary code.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU26494
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-10673
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data between serialization gadgets and typing, related to com.caucho.config.types.ResourceRef. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU21135
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 5.5 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-14540
CWE-ID:
CWE-200 - Information exposure
Exploit availability: Yes
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information.
The vulnerability exists due to a polymorphic typing issue in the "com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig". A remote attacker can gain unauthorized access to sensitive information on the system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.
EUVDB-ID: #VU25833
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-14892
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data of a malicious object using commons-configuration 1 and 2 JNDI classes. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU21136
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 2.7 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-16335
CWE-ID:
CWE-200 - Information exposure
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain access to potentially sensitive information.
The vulnerability exists due to a polymorphic typing issue in the "com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource". A remote attacker can gain unauthorized access to sensitive information on the system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU21580
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 7.2 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-16942
CWE-ID:
CWE-20 - Improper input validation
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected application.
The vulnerability exists due to a Polymorphic Typing issue when processing JSON requests within the org.apache.commons.dbcp.datasources.SharedPoolDataSource and org.apache.commons.dbcp.datasources.PerUserPoolDataSourc components. A remote attacker can send specially crafted JSON data to an RMI service endpoint and execute arbitrary code on he system.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability requires that Default Typing is enabled (either globally or for a specific property) for an externally exposed JSON endpoint, the service has the commons-dbcp (1.4) jar in the classpath, and an attacker can find an RMI service endpoint to send requests to.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU21593
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 7.2 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-16943
CWE-ID:
CWE-20 - Improper input validation
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected application.
The vulnerability exists due to a Polymorphic Typing issue when processing JSON requests within the com.p6spy.engine.spy.P6DataSource component. A remote attacker can send specially crafted JSON data to an RMI service endpoint and execute arbitrary code on he system.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability requires that Default Typing is enabled (either globally or for a specific property) for an externally exposed JSON endpoint, the service has has the p6spy (3.8.6) jar in the classpath, and an attacker can find an RMI service endpoint to send requests to.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU21594
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 7.2 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-17267
CWE-ID:
CWE-20 - Improper input validation
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected application.
The vulnerability exists due to a Polymorphic Typing issue within the net.sf.ehcache.hibernate.EhcacheJtaTransactionManagerLookup component. A remote attacker can execute arbitrary code on he system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU21750
Risk: Medium
CVSSv4.0: 1.3 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-17531
CWE-ID:
CWE-20 - Improper input validation
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to compromise the affected software.
The vulnerability exists due to a Polymorphic Typing in jackson-databind when processing JSON requests. A remote attacker can send specially crafted JSON data to JNDI service and execute a malicious payload.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability requires that Default Typing is enabled (either globally or for a specific property) for an externally exposed JSON endpoint and the service has the apache-log4j-extra (version 1.2.x) jar in the classpath.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote authenticated user via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU24272
Risk: Low
CVSSv4.0: 1.7 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Clear]
CVE-ID: CVE-2019-20330
CWE-ID:
CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to gain unauthorized access to otherwise restricted functionality.
The vulnerability exists due to improper access restrictions related to net.sf.ehcache in FasterXML jackson-databind. A remote attacker can bypass implemented security restrictions and gain unauthorized access to the application.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.
EUVDB-ID: #VU69512
Risk: High
CVSSv4.0: 8.1 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Amber]
CVE-ID: CVE-2020-10650
CWE-ID:
CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Exploit availability: No
DescriptionThe vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
The vulnerability exists due to insecure input validation when processing serialized data when handling interactions related to the class ignite-jta
. A remote attacker can pass specially crafted data to the application and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.
MitigationInstall update from vendor's website.
Vulnerable software versionswatsonx.data: before 2.0.2
CPE2.3 External linkshttps://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7168856
Q & A
Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?
Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.
Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?
No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.