Improper Authentication in Microsoft Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave

1) Improper Authentication

EUVDB-ID: #VU101591

Risk: Low

CVSSv4.0: 5.9 [CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Clear]

CVE-ID: CVE-2024-49076

CWE-ID: CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Exploit availability: No

Description

The vulnerability allows a local user to bypass authentication process.

The vulnerability exists due to an error when processing authentication requests in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave. A local user can load a non-Microsoft DLL into an enclave, leading to arbitrary code execution.

Mitigation

Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

Windows: before 10 21H2 10.0.19044.5247, 10 22H2 10.0.19045.5247, 10 1607 10.0.14393.7606, 10 1809 10.0.17763.6659, 11 22H2 10.0.22621.4602, 11 23H2 10.0.22631.4602, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.5247, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.5247, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.5247, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.5247, 10 21H2 10.0.19044.5247

Windows Server: before 2016 10.0.14393.7606, 2022 10.0.20348.2908, 2022 10.0.20348.2966, 2022 23H2 10.0.25398.1308, 2025 10.0.26100.2528, 2025 10.0.26100.2605, 2016 10.0.14393.7606, 2016 10.0.14393.7606

CPE2.3

• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

External links

https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2024-49076

Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

No. This vulnerability can be exploited locally. The attacker should have authentication credentials and successfully authenticate on the system.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.