#VU103784 Insufficient verification of data authenticity in distribution - CVE-2025-24976

Vulnerability identifier: #VU103784

Vulnerability risk: Medium

CVSSv4.0: 2.7 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-24976

CWE-ID: CWE-345

Exploitation vector: Network

Exploit availability: No

Vulnerable software:
distribution
Other software / Other software solutions

Vendor: Docker Inc.

Description

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to inject an untrusted signing key in a JWT.

The vulnerability exists due to the way the JWK verification is performed. When a JWT contains a JWK header without a certificate chain, the code only checks if the KeyID (kid) matches one of the trusted keys, but doesn't verify that the actual key material matches. A remote attacker can pass arbitrary data to the application signed with an untrusted JWT.

Mitigation
Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

distribution: 3.0.0 rc.1 - 3.0.0 beta.1

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External links
https://github.com/distribution/distribution/security/advisories/GHSA-phw4-mc57-4hwc

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Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.