#VU105455 Improper Neutralization of HTTP Headers for Scripting Syntax in Apache Camel - CVE-2025-27636

Vulnerability identifier: #VU105455

Vulnerability risk: Medium

CVSSv4.0: 5.5 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:P/U:Green]

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-27636

CWE-ID: CWE-644

Exploitation vector: Network

Exploit availability: Yes

Vulnerable software:
Apache Camel
Server applications / Frameworks for developing and running applications

Vendor: Apache Foundation

Description

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform spoofing attack.

The vulnerability exists due to improper input validation when processing HTTP requests, as filters are configured to only block headers starting with "Camel", "camel", or "org.apache.camel". A remote non-authenticated attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request with altered casing of letters in headers that will be accepted by the application.

Successful exploitation of the vulnerability may allow an attacker to perform cross-site scripting, cache poisoning or session hijacking attacks.

Mitigation
Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

Apache Camel: 3.22.0 - 3.22.3, 4.0.0-M1 - 4.0.6, 4.1.0, 4.2.0, 4.3.0, 4.4.0 - 4.4.5, 4.5.0, 4.6.0, 4.7.0, 4.8.0 - 4.8.4, 4.9.0, 4.10.0 - 4.10.1

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External links
https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/03/09/1
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CAMEL-21828
https://lists.apache.org/thread/l3zcg3vts88bmc7w8172wkgw610y693z

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Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability. However, proof of concept for this vulnerability is available.