#VU105982 Resource exhaustion in SAML SSO for Ruby - CVE-2025-25293

Vulnerability identifier: #VU105982

Vulnerability risk: Medium

CVSSv4.0: 6.6 [CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green]

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-25293

CWE-ID: CWE-400

Exploitation vector: Network

Exploit availability: No

Vulnerable software:
SAML SSO for Ruby
Web applications / Other software

Vendor: SAML-Toolkits

Description

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

The vulnerability exists due to application does not properly control consumption of internal resources when decompressing SAML responses with zlib. A remote attacker can trigger resource exhaustion and perform a denial of service (DoS) attack.

Mitigation
Install updates from vendor's website.

Vulnerable software versions

SAML SSO for Ruby: 1.0.0, 1.1.0 - 1.17.0, 1.2.0, 1.3.0 - 1.3.1, 1.4.0 - 1.4.3, 1.5.0, 1.6.0 - 1.6.2, 1.7.0 - 1.7.2, 1.8.0, 1.9.0

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External links
https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released
https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials
https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/acac9e9cc0b9a507882c614f25d41f8b47be349a
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e2da4c6dae7dc01a4d9cd221395140a67e2b3eb1
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0008/

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Q & A

Can this vulnerability be exploited remotely?

Yes. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote non-authenticated attacker via the Internet.

Is there known malware, which exploits this vulnerability?

No. We are not aware of malware exploiting this vulnerability.